substitute teachers

In 1980s a large number of substitute teachers, which in 1997 exceeded one million, and reached its peak, appeared after stopping stocking private teachers.

代课教师大量出现在八十年代停止招民办教师之后，在1997年突破了100万，达到了顶峰。

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Not only the quality educational resources is scarcity, but also the strategy of balanced development of education is gradually in effect. V. The substitute teachers groups appear in the city.

此一方面反映出优质教育资源稀缺，另一方面也说明教育均衡发展策略在逐渐产生作用。五、城市里代课教师群体出现。

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Because the production and development of substitute teachers is the result of game between supply and demand of teachers and the policies of teachers.

因为代课教师产生与发展是教师供需与教师政策博弈的结果。

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The research is based on the history and development of substitute teachers, to achieve the following two purposes: first, for the spiritual heritage of substitute teachers; second is to sum up the experience of the course of development of substitute teachers.

本文通过对代课教师历史及其现状进行研究，达到以下两个目的：是为了传承代课教师的精神；二是为了总结代课教师发展历程的经验。

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For a long time substitute teachers in the hope that "positive" has basically shattered dreams, in the face of system changes to the stability of the threat of occupation, substitute teachers generally choose from, called for three options for action and wait-and-see type.

长期以来代课教师期望的转正梦想已基本破灭，面对制度变迁对职业稳定性的威胁，代课教师普遍选择了退出、呼吁与观望三种行动选择的类型。

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First of all, substitute teachers survive rational substitute teachers to meet the security needs of the survival of the first and second, substitute teachers is the result of the actions and choices of cost-effectiveness, forecast, evaluate and choose after the deduction of the teaching profession.

首先，代课教师的生存理性满足了安全第一的生存需要；其次，代课教师是经过对行动选择的成本与效益进行计算、预测、评价和推论后才选择教师职业的。

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For a long time, substitute teachers survive difficult, unreasonable management and shabby conditions of rural schools, which are restricting the development of basic education in rural areas.

长期以来，代课教师队伍生存的艰难、管理上的不合理以及农村办学条件的简陋等，这些都制约了农村基础教育的发展。

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The identity of Substitute teachers results in social construction and self-construction, social needs and individual choice will just be the reasons why Substitute teachers come to the stage of history.

代课教师的身份是社会建构和自我建构的结果，社会需求和个人选择将代课教师这一特殊身份群体推上了历史舞台。

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Substitute teachers is the national private teachers to solve problems in rural areas after a special group, the identity of embarrassment and economic constraints of the revenue made by substitute teachers widespread concern in the community.

代课教师是继国家解决民办教师问题后在农村地区出现的一个特殊群体，尴尬的身份与拮据的经济收入使得代课教师受到了社会各界的广泛关注。

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In this study, sociological perspective of the substitute teachers in the career choices of macro and micro factors system of personal factors that substitute teachers are special historical period of institutional arrangements and the role of individual choice interactive product.

本研究以社会学的视角分析了代课教师职业选择的宏观制度因素与微观个人因素，指出代课教师是特殊历史时期制度安排与个人选择互动作用的产物。

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The fines will be used by the school to pay for substitute teachers.

这些罚款将被学校用来支付替补老师的工资。

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The existence of substitute teachers is the result of reality which should be acknowledged by the law.

代课教师的产生有它的现实性，应该承认其合法性。

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Discusses the issue of substitute teachers, from lack of mining development in education, particularly in rural basic education.

论述农村代课教师问题，从中挖掘教育实践中的不足，特别是农村基础教育。

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At present, due to various reasons, especially due to backward economy, there are still a large number of substitute teachers in the western rural areas.

由于多方面的原因，特别是由于经济的落后，目前在西部农村地区还存在着大量的代课教师。

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This shows that the substitute teachers become a social problem and a special group of social concern.

这说明了代课教师已然成为一个社会性的问题，成为社会关注的一个特殊群体。

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In this study, Substitute teachers is a focus, that is, I want to analyze the status of Substitute teachers by the micro perspective, in order to show another side of their current living conditions.

本研究以代课教师身份为着眼点，在微观视角下分析代课教师身份问题，从而以另一个侧面展现代课教师目前的生存状况。

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E-mail can/ will never substitute teachers' role but they offer new opportunities for better language practice.

E-mail从来都不能代替教师的角色，但它提供了新的对语言练习的更好的机会。

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During two decades, the development of Substitute teachers, who put their hard dedication, teaching, development of basic education in rural China, occupies a very important position.

在代课教师发展的二十多年里，他们艰苦奉献、教书育人，在我国农村基础教育发展中占有很重要的位置。

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The status of substitute teachers do bring them the material and spiritual dimensions of inequality and relative deprivation.

代课教师的身份问题给他们带来了物质和精神层面的不平等待遇和相对剥夺感。

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Efforts should be made as soon as possible to set up a substitute teacher system, raise the quality of substitute teachers and standardize the management of substitute teaching education to promote the development of compulsory education in the western rural areas.

应尽快建立合理的代课教师制度，提高代课教师队伍素质，把代课教师纳入规范化管理的轨道，从根本上促进西部农村义务教育的发展。

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Substitute teachers and volunteers would fill in for teachers in the event of a strike.

代课老师和志愿者会在罢工时临时顶替老师教课。

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Substitute teachers have made great contributions to the development of the western rural areas, especially the development of compulsory education there. Meanwhile, there still exist many problems.

代课教师为西部农村特别是义务教育的发展做出了很大贡献，但同时还存在着很多问题。

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In recent years, during the two sessions, substitute teachers become into the main contents of proposals of the representatives of the education sector.

近几年两会期间，代课教师问题成为教育界代表提案的主要内容。

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Substitute teachers will have a mixed future in Guangdong, the provincial Party secretary said.

广东省委书记表示，该省的代课教师今后的道路将是喜忧参半。

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Sixth grade to a new substitute teachers.

六年级来了一名新代课教师。

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Substitute teachers fill in when your regular teacher is sick.

你平日的老师生病时,就会有代理的代课老师.

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The people they hire for our schools are mostly senior high school graduates who work as substitute teachers, says Wu Bingfeng, a 22-year-old student of applied chemistry at Guizhou University.

我们学校聘请的大多是上了年纪的代课老师，他们只有高中学历。贵州大学应用化学系22岁的学生吴冰峰（音译）表示。

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After 1980s in the last century, a large number of substitute teachers are appeared, and there is a rising trend.

在上世纪八十年代之后，代课教师大量产生，并有逐年增加的趋势。

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Discussion of Barrier on Teachers and Seeking a Reasonable Approaches to Substitute Teachers& Reflection on the Questions about Substitute Teachers in Western Countryside

论师资障碍与寻求合理的代课教师解决途径&对西部农村代课教师问题的思考

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Substitute teachers have a double identity which defined by the double structures, that they are" teachers "while the" temporary", Substitute teachers faced with the embarrassment of dual identity, they are excluded from school.

代课教师身份有着双重的定义结构，他们是教师，同时又是临时工，代课教师面临双重身份的尴尬，他们被无形地排挤在学校体制之外。

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